How to turn on the ground: Revealing the technical secrets of ground gliding
You may already be familiar with the principle of turning when an aircraft is flying in the air, but do you know how an aircraft turns on the ground? This article will combine popular topics and hot content in the past 10 days to analyze the technical principles and operating procedures of aircraft ground turn for you in detail.
1. Basic principles of plane ground turn
The turn of the aircraft on the ground is mainly achieved in three ways:
| Turning method | How it works | Applicable scenarios |
|---|---|---|
| Front wheel steering | By manipulating the front wheel steering system, change the front wheel direction directly | Low-speed scooter, stop-off operation |
| Differential brakes | Apply different brake force to the left and right main wheels to generate steering torque | Medium-high speed gliding, emergency steering |
| Differential thrust | Adjust the thrust of the engine on both sides to generate steering torque | Multi-engine aircraft, low-speed taxiing |
2. Hot topics related: Aircraft ground operation safety
In the past 10 days, aviation safety has become a hot topic. According to statistics from the Civil Aviation Resources Network, there have been many ground gliding accidents around the world, 30% of which are related to improper turning operations. The following are typical ground accident cases that have occurred recently:
| date | airline | Type of accident | Possible Causes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-11-05 | XX Airlines | Taxiway deviation | Front wheel steering system failure |
| 2023-11-08 | YY Aviation | Collision with ground equipment | Improper use of differential brakes |
| 2023-11-12 | ZZ Airlines | Slide too fast | Not slowing down properly during turn |
3. Specific operation procedures for aircraft ground turn
1.Receive commands: The pilot first gets the taxi and turn commands from the tower
2.Speed control: Reduce the sliding speed to the appropriate range (usually 15-20 knots)
3.Steering operation: Select the steering method according to the turning radius
4.Status Monitoring: Continuously observe the surrounding environment and aircraft status
5.Complete the turn: Back to the front wheel and adjust the engine thrust
4. Technology development trend: intelligent gliding system
The latest ground-gliding technology exhibited at the recent air show has become a hot topic:
| Technical name | Developer | Features | Estimated application time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electric sliding system | airbus | Independent electric drive front wheel | 2025 |
| Automatic sliding system | Boeing | Automatic navigation based on satellite positioning | 2026 |
| Artificial Intelligence Assisted | Honeywell | Calculate the optimal turn path in real time | Some have been applied |
5. Pilot training points
Recently, several airlines have strengthened ground operation training, with the focus:
1. Different turning characteristics of different models
2. Turning skills on wet runways
3. Steering operation in emergency situations
4. Things to note when turning at a large angle
Conclusion
The ground turn of the aircraft seems simple, but in fact it requires precise operation and rich experience. With the development of aviation technology, future ground gliding will be smarter and safer. Understanding this knowledge not only satisfies the curiosity of aviation enthusiasts, but also helps ordinary passengers better understand flight operations.
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